The club sacked Gadzhi Gadzhiyev after a 2-2 draw at home to Terek Grozny saw them slip to seventh place in the Russian Premier League Table.
Now, Carlos, 38, who is also Anzhi’s captain, will share the managerial duties with assistant coach Andrei Gordeev while the board search for a permanent replacement.
He joined the club from Corinthians earlier this year and is best remembered for his 11-year stint with Real Madrid.
Reports in Russia suggest that Anzhi will look to continue their big spending by bringing in a well-known manager to succeed Gadzhiyev.
